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Wells score (pulmonary embolism)

Estimates the clinical probability of pulmonary thromboembolism and guides the choice between D-dimer and CT pulmonary angiography.

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Check the population, units and version. The result shows the formula or classification; it does not make an automatic treatment decision.

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Method · Limits of application

Wells PE 2000: 7 weighted factors; separate 2-level and 3-level classifications

Wells for embolism was studied in people with clinical suspicion within a strategy combining the score with D-dimer. The two- and three-level classifications have different cutoffs; a low score or unlikely embolism does not mean embolism is absent. D-dimer assays and application criteria must match the diagnostic protocol used.

Conditions of use

Check the population, units, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and version in the original source. A result alone does not establish a diagnosis, discharge decision or prescription.

Documented parameters

Clinical signs of DVT
PE is the most likely diagnosis
Heart rate > 100 bpm
Immobilization ≥ 3 days or surgery in the last 4 weeks
Previous DVT or PE
Hemoptysis
Active cancer (treatment in the last 6 months or palliative treatment)

3/3 reference cases checked. Numerical tests are not clinical validation.

Sources and documentation

Documented formula

Transcribed from the source or a recorded revision; this is not a clinical recommendation.

Sum of points: DVT signs 3 · PE more likely 3 · HR > 100 1.5 · immobilization/surgery 1.5 · previous DVT/PE 1.5 · hemoptysis 1 · cancer 1.

References

Identifier: wells-tep

Original clinical content: Brazilian Portuguese.

Method version

Wells PE 2000: 7 weighted factors; separate 2-level and 3-level classifications

wells-tep@native-2026-10-05+3ebb9879f067

Source for the active edition

The bibliographic edition identifies the source. By itself, it proves neither full conformity of the formula nor clinical approval.

Synthetic cases checked (3)

Synthetic cases for checking the implementation, with no patient data.

Case 1

reference-001

Inputs

Clinical signs of DVT: Yes
Heart rate > 100 bpm: Yes
PE is the most likely diagnosis: No
Immobilization ≥ 3 days or surgery in the last 4 weeks: No
Previous DVT or PE: No
Hemoptysis: No
Active cancer (treatment in the last 6 months or palliative treatment): No

{
  "tvp": true,
  "fc": true,
  "alt": false,
  "imob": false,
  "prev": false,
  "hemo": false,
  "cancer": false
}

Expected result

{
  "score": 4.5
}

Actual result

{
  "score": 4.5
}

Case 2

reference-002

Inputs

Clinical signs of DVT: Yes
PE is the most likely diagnosis: Yes
Heart rate > 100 bpm: Yes
Immobilization ≥ 3 days or surgery in the last 4 weeks: Yes
Previous DVT or PE: Yes
Hemoptysis: Yes
Active cancer (treatment in the last 6 months or palliative treatment): Yes

{
  "tvp": true,
  "alt": true,
  "fc": true,
  "imob": true,
  "prev": true,
  "hemo": true,
  "cancer": true
}

Expected result

{
  "score": 12.5
}

Actual result

{
  "score": 12.5
}

Case 3

reference-003

Inputs

Clinical signs of DVT: No
PE is the most likely diagnosis: No
Heart rate > 100 bpm: No
Immobilization ≥ 3 days or surgery in the last 4 weeks: No
Previous DVT or PE: No
Hemoptysis: No
Active cancer (treatment in the last 6 months or palliative treatment): No

{
  "tvp": false,
  "alt": false,
  "fc": false,
  "imob": false,
  "prev": false,
  "hemo": false,
  "cancer": false
}

Expected result

{
  "score": 0
}

Actual result

{
  "score": 0
}

Code and reproducibility

This tool’s code on GitHub

Download code and tests

Sources, version and reproduction instructions

README

Local installation

Code license: Apache-2.0

Guidelines and conditions

This repository’s license applies to the code. Third-party instruments, questionnaires, data and models remain subject to their owners’ conditions.

The code tests are technical checks. Clinical approval and professional translation review are recorded separately.

Relationship with cancer research

General context — relationship to be defined

A resource for general clinical contexts. This edition does not assign a specific oncological relationship; selecting it for a study requires a justified question, population and purpose.