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SOFA score

Quantifies dysfunction in six organ systems (respiratory, coagulation, liver, cardiovascular, neurological and renal). It underpins the sepsis definition (Sepsis-3) and tracks the critically ill patient’s course.

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Check the population, units and version. The result shows the formula or classification; it does not make an automatic treatment decision.

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Method · Limits of application

SOFA/Vincent 1996: 6 systems 0–4, total 0–24; classic thresholds; excludes SOFA 2

Classic SOFA describes organ dysfunction in critically ill adults; record the assessment time and prior organ function. In the 2016 Sepsis-3 definition, an acute increase of at least 2 points must result from infection; baseline can be assumed to be zero only when no pre-existing organ dysfunction is known. The total alone does not diagnose infection or provide an individual probability of death. Do not extrapolate the classic classification to children. Vasoactive doses are in µg/kg/min, administered for at least 1 hour; urine output refers to 24 hours. Sepsis-3 (2016) Table 1, adapted from Vincent 1996, prints bilirubin > 12.0 mg/dL, creatinine > 5.0 mg/dL and dopamine < 5 or 5.1–15 µg/kg/min. The full 1996 table was not obtained in this review. Differences and gaps at these boundaries were not adjudicated; the numeric check used only unambiguous values and already-selected cardiovascular points.

Required fields: 0/8 completed

Complete all required fields. Optional fields are marked.

PaO₂ requiredmmHg · range 20–700

FiO₂ required% · range 21–100

On mechanical ventilation or ventilatory support? required

Platelets required×10³/µL · range 1–1500

Total bilirubin requiredmg/dL · range 0.1–50

Cardiovascular (doses in mcg/kg/min for ≥ 1 h) required

Glasgow Coma Scale requiredNumeric value · range 3–15

Creatinine requiredmg/dL · range 0.1–20

Urine output over 24 h (optional)mL/day · range 0–10000

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Conditions of use

Check the population, units, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and version in the original source. A result alone does not establish a diagnosis, discharge decision or prescription.

Documented parameters

PaO₂ · mmHg
FiO₂ · %
On mechanical ventilation or ventilatory support?
Platelets · ×10³/µL
Total bilirubin · mg/dL
Cardiovascular (doses in mcg/kg/min for ≥ 1 h)
Glasgow Coma Scale
Creatinine · mg/dL
Urine output over 24 h · mL/day

4/4 reference cases checked. Numerical tests are not clinical validation.

Sources and documentation

Documented formula

Transcribed from the source or a recorded revision; this is not a clinical recommendation.

Each system scores 0 to 4; total ranges from 0 to 24.

Respiratory (PaO₂/FiO₂): ≥ 400 = 0; < 400 = 1; < 300 = 2; < 200 with ventilatory support = 3; < 100 with support = 4.
Coagulation (platelets ×10³/µL): ≥ 150 = 0; < 150 = 1; < 100 = 2; < 50 = 3; < 20 = 4.
Liver (bilirubin, mg/dL): < 1.2 = 0; 1.2–1.9 = 1; 2.0–5.9 = 2; 6.0–11.9 = 3; ≥ 12 = 4.
Cardiovascular (vasoactive doses in µg/kg/min, administered for at least 1 hour): MAP ≥ 70 = 0; MAP < 70 = 1; dopamine ≤ 5 or dobutamine = 2; dopamine > 5, epinephrine or norepinephrine ≤ 0.1 = 3; dopamine > 15, epinephrine or norepinephrine > 0.1 = 4.
Neurological (Glasgow): 15 = 0; 13–14 = 1; 10–12 = 2; 6–9 = 3; < 6 = 4.
Renal (creatinine, mg/dL, or urine output): < 1.2 = 0; 1.2–1.9 = 1; 2.0–3.4 = 2; 3.5–4.9 or urine output < 500 mL/day = 3; ≥ 5.0 or urine output < 200 mL/day = 4.

References

Identifier: sofa

Original clinical content: Brazilian Portuguese.

Method version

SOFA/Vincent 1996: 6 systems 0–4, total 0–24; classic thresholds; excludes SOFA 2

sofa@native-2026-10-03+eed7d8c8e9ab

Source for the active edition

The bibliographic edition identifies the source. By itself, it proves neither full conformity of the formula nor clinical approval.

Synthetic cases checked (4)

Synthetic cases for checking the implementation, with no patient data.

Case 1

reference-001

Inputs

PaO₂: 95 mmHg
FiO₂: 21 %
On mechanical ventilation or ventilatory support?: No
Platelets: 250 ×10³/µL
Total bilirubin: 0.8 mg/dL
Cardiovascular (doses in mcg/kg/min for ≥ 1 h): MAP ≥ 70 mmHg, no vasopressor
Glasgow Coma Scale: 15
Creatinine: 0.9 mg/dL

{
  "pao2": 95,
  "fio2": 21,
  "suporte": "0",
  "plaq": 250,
  "bili": 0.8,
  "cv": "0",
  "gcs": 15,
  "cr": 0.9
}

Expected result

{
  "score": 0,
  "level": "low"
}

Actual result

{
  "score": 0,
  "resp": 0,
  "coag": 0,
  "fig": 0,
  "cv": 0,
  "snc": 0,
  "ren": 0,
  "pf": 452.3809523809524
}

Case 2

reference-002

Inputs

PaO₂: 70 mmHg
FiO₂: 50 %
On mechanical ventilation or ventilatory support?: No
Platelets: 200 ×10³/µL
Total bilirubin: 0.5 mg/dL
Cardiovascular (doses in mcg/kg/min for ≥ 1 h): MAP ≥ 70 mmHg, no vasopressor
Glasgow Coma Scale: 15
Creatinine: 0.8 mg/dL

{
  "pao2": 70,
  "fio2": 50,
  "suporte": "0",
  "plaq": 200,
  "bili": 0.5,
  "cv": "0",
  "gcs": 15,
  "cr": 0.8
}

Expected result

{
  "resp": 2
}

Actual result

{
  "score": 2,
  "resp": 2,
  "coag": 0,
  "fig": 0,
  "cv": 0,
  "snc": 0,
  "ren": 0,
  "pf": 140
}

Case 3

reference-003

Inputs

PaO₂: 60 mmHg
FiO₂: 60 %
On mechanical ventilation or ventilatory support?: Yes
Platelets: 160 ×10³/µL
Total bilirubin: 1 mg/dL
Cardiovascular (doses in mcg/kg/min for ≥ 1 h): Mean arterial pressure < 70 mmHg
Glasgow Coma Scale: 15
Creatinine: 1.3 mg/dL
Urine output over 24 h: 400 mL/day

{
  "pao2": 60,
  "fio2": 60,
  "suporte": "1",
  "plaq": 160,
  "bili": 1,
  "cv": "1",
  "gcs": 15,
  "cr": 1.3,
  "diurese": 400
}

Expected result

{
  "resp": 3,
  "ren": 3
}

Actual result

{
  "score": 7,
  "resp": 3,
  "coag": 0,
  "fig": 0,
  "cv": 1,
  "snc": 0,
  "ren": 3,
  "pf": 100
}

Case 4

reference-004

Inputs

PaO₂: 80 mmHg
FiO₂: 40 %
On mechanical ventilation or ventilatory support?: Yes
Platelets: 90 ×10³/µL
Total bilirubin: 2.5 mg/dL
Cardiovascular (doses in mcg/kg/min for ≥ 1 h): Dopamine > 5, epinephrine ≤ 0.1 or norepinephrine ≤ 0.1
Glasgow Coma Scale: 13
Creatinine: 2.2 mg/dL

{
  "pao2": 80,
  "fio2": 40,
  "suporte": "1",
  "plaq": 90,
  "bili": 2.5,
  "cv": "3",
  "gcs": 13,
  "cr": 2.2
}

Expected result

{
  "score": 12,
  "level": "high"
}

Actual result

{
  "score": 12,
  "resp": 2,
  "coag": 2,
  "fig": 2,
  "cv": 3,
  "snc": 1,
  "ren": 2,
  "pf": 200
}

Code and reproducibility

This tool’s code on GitHub

Download code and tests

Sources, version and reproduction instructions

The code tests are technical checks. Clinical approval and professional translation review are recorded separately.

Relationship with cancer research

General context — relationship to be defined

A resource for general clinical contexts. This edition does not assign a specific oncological relationship; selecting it for a study requires a justified question, population and purpose.